Circle which is the positive direction for each cart in Table 1. The graphs for each Motion Detector should be nearly the same. Verify that the zeroing was successful by clicking Collect and allowing the still-linked carts to roll slowly across the track. Select both sensors and click OK This procedure will establish the same coordinate system for both Motion Detectors. Keep your hands dear of the carts and click it Zero. Place the two carts at rest in the middle of the track, with their hook-and-pile bumpers toward one another and in contact. Open the file 'Momentum Energy Coll' from the Lab 09 folder.

Set the Motion Detector sensitivity switches to Track.

Connect the Motion Detectors to the digital (DIG) ports of the interface. Place a Motion Detector at each end of the track, allowing for the 0.15 m minimum distance between detector and cart, as shown in Figure 1. The carts should smoothly repel one another without physically touching. Position cart 2 at rest in the middle of the track, and release cart I so it rolls toward cart 2, magnetic bumper toward magnetic bumper. Test this by releasing a cart on the track from rest. Set up the Dynamics Track so that it is horizontal. Note, it is very important to do this accurately, so carefully balance the scale before making measurements. Measure the masses of the Dynamics Carts and record the values in Table 9.1. Based on your graph from Preliminary Question 2, is momentum conserved in this collision? Is kinetic energy conserved? CD Procedure 1. time graph for each ball in Preliminary Question 1, starting with the time before the collision starts and ending a short time after the collision. What happens to ball 1? What happens to ball 2? 2. Disregard any friction between the balls and the surface. After the collision, ball 2 departs with the same velocity that ball i originally had. Ball 1 is initially in motion toward ball 2, which is initially at rest. Consider a head-on collision between two identical billiard balls.

two Vernier Dynamics Carts with magnetic and hook-and-pile strip bumpers Preliminary Questions 1.

Classify collisions as elastic, inelastic, or completely inelastic.

Measure energy changes during different types of collisions.

In this experiment, you can observe elastic and inelastic collisions and test for the conservation of momentum and energy Figure 9.1 Objectives Observe collisions between two carts, testing for the conservation of momentum. Sometimes collisions are described as super-elastic, if kinetic energy is gained. In contrast, energy is only conserved when certain types of forces are exerted between the carts, Collisions are classified as elastic (kinetic energy is conserved), inelastic (kinetic energy is lost) or completely inelastic (the objects stick together after collision). This is true regardless of the force acting between the carts. If there is no net external force experienced by the system of two carts, then we expect the total momentum of the system to be conserved. Laboratory 9 Momentum, Energy, and Collisions Introduction The collision of two carts on a track can be described in terms of momentum conservation and, in some cases, energy conservation. Based on your graph from Preliminary Question 2, is momentum conserved in this collision? Is kinetic energy conserved? After the collision, ball 2 departs with the same velocity that ball 1 originally had.

two Vernier Dynamics Carts with magnetic and hook-and-pile strip bumpers.

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